Sunday, January 19, 2020
the Tao Of Pooh Book Review Essay -- essays research papers
THE TAO OF POOH Philosophy is a complicated subject. Since the beginning of human existence, many tried to come up with theories about life, happiness, reality and knowledge. From philosophical ideas different beliefs sprung, and existence of different religions followed. Every theory raised by a philosopher attracted different followers. In today's modern society aside from major religions, there are thousands of others that suggest that their explanations to universal questions are the only accurate ones, and all of these religions seek to gain more followers to join their "way". One of these religions is the religion/philosophy of Taoism. Taoism has it roots in China, where the founder of Taoism Lao-Tse was searching for a way that would avoid the constant feudal warfare and other conflicts that disrupted his society during his lifetime. The result was his book: Tao-te-Ching. Lao-Tse described Taoism as a path or a way which one must follow in order to reach inner serenity and peace. In order to reach these inner goals one must live in harmony with nature and natural process that creates the balance in the universe. The novel, written by Benjamin Hoff embodies the spiritual beliefs of Taoism, through the famous cartoon character of Winnie-the-Pooh. In this novel, Hoff shows that the character of Pooh is amazingly consistent with the principles of Taoism. He brings about explanations of Taoism through Pooh and explanations of Pooh's behaviour through Taoism, which eventually shows that Taoism is not simply an old religion or ancient philosophy, but a practice that can be used by every individual here and now in their every day lives. In this novel each major principle of Taoism is followed by an explanation made though a humorous story staring Winnie-the-Pooh and his friends. -2- SUMMARY OF MAIN IDEAS The first main principle of Taoism that is presented in this novel is the idea that things in their original simplicity contain their own natural power, power that is easily contaminated and lost when that simplicity is altered. This principle is also known as the Uncarved Block. Winnie-the-Pooh is very significant in this principle of the Uncarved Block, because he illustrates the perfect example of an individual that follows this principle. Pooh always exists in his "natural state", he is... ...oundation of all living things that exist in this world. The mission of Taoism is not to force its beliefs on people, but to help them realize their inner-self and guide into a happy life in harmony with nature. To best summarize Taoism a quote from Lao-Tse can be used: "We believe in the formless and eternal Tao, and we recognize all personified deities as being mere human constructs. We reject hatred, intolerance, and unnecessary violence, and embrace harmony, love and learning, as we are taught by Nature. We place our trust and our lives in the Tao, that we may live in peace and balance with the Universe, both in this mortal life and beyond." There are thousands of religions that offer endless solutions to end suffering, to restore peace and unity in the world. For decades philosophers tried to come up with ways to find happiness, but in the end there was only one answer. The answer came from a some would call silly, others wise bear by the name of Winnie-the-Pooh, w ho discovered the secret for happiness in and old religion, founded by a great master Lao-Tse. This religion became the answer for the endless search for happiness and the answer was Taoism.
Saturday, January 11, 2020
Naturalism
Naturalism is a type of literature that â€Å"exposed the dark harshness of life . . . were often very pessimistic and . . . blunt .†(Wikipedia).  Naturalistic writers do not moralize about the nature of human beings in their works, but view them with cold impartiality.    To them, nature is an indifferent force that adopts a hands-off policy vis-à -vis human beings and the calamities that befall them. Naturalistic works often depict an individual’s struggle to survive against the forces of nature. At times, the conflict may be that of man against himself as he strives to maintain his humanity, to tame â€Å"the brute within†in the face of contending passions.   Characters in such works usually belong to the lower middle class or the lower classes.   (Campbell).Jack London’s The Law of Life depicts the indifference of nature to the impending death of an old man.   Abandoned in the snow by his tr ibe, nearly blind and lame, old Koskoosh lies beside a fire with only a handful of twigs to keep himself from freezing. He is aware of his imminent end, but calmly accepts the fact that â€Å"all men must die†.   In the few remaining hours of his life, he reflects on the never ending cycle of life and death, on how even the most vigorous animal would fall prey to old age and its predators.  In all this, he concluded that â€Å"nature did not care.  To life, she set one task, gave one law. To perpetuate was the task of life, its law was death.†Koskoosh recalled how the Great Famine ravaged his tribe, against which they were all helpless.      Here, London brings into focus an indifferent nature, heedless of the wailings of the villagers until nearly all of them starved to death.  Koskoosh also remembered how the times of plenty awakened the blood lust in his people until they revived ancient quarrels and wage d war on their enemies.  In this case, the â€Å"brute within†, another frequent theme of the naturalistic work, is awakened and unleashed.Occupying the old man’s thoughts in his final moments was his memory of a moose that fought off wolves until it was overpowered and fell on the bloody snow.   That recollection foreshadowed his own death: wolves were closing in on him as his fire dwindled.   But unlike the moose which fought to the very end, Koskoosh gave up when he realized the futility of it. â€Å"What did it matter after all?†he asked. â€Å"Was it not the law of life?†An indifferent, hostile nature pervades The Open Boat by Stephen Crane. Four men, one of them injured, sat on a dingy after their ship went down.      An angry surf separated them from the safety of the beach; they could not take the boat to shore lest she capsize.    Desperate and afraid, sleepless and hungry, the corre spondent ponders the indifference of nature to their plight.   The men spend the night at the sea, alternately rowing and keeping the boat afloat.The appearance of vacationers on the beach waving gaily to the men in the boat thus giving them hopes of immediate rescue is probably Crane’s way of emphasizing the nonchalance of nature in the face of human suffering, made more bitter by the realization that no rescue was forthcoming after all.   The cook’s â€Å"house of refuge†, deserted and lifeless, seemed to mock the men: â€Å"There was the shore of the populous land, and it was bitter and bitter to them that from it came no sign.†(4).Crane focuses on the inner despair of the men as they wait and toil at the oars, aware that their tiny dingy might be swamped at the next wave, drowning them, or that they might be taken out to sea when the on-shore wind died.     In the face of this uncertainty, Crane voices out, thr ough the correspondent, the pathetic rebellion of the ordinary mortal who could not believe, and yet could not overcome, the indifference of nature to his plight:Was I brought here merely to have my nose dragged away as I was about to nibble the sacred cheese of life? It is preposterous. If this old ninny-woman, Fate, cannot do better than this, she should be deprived of the management of men`s fortunes.  . . If she has decided to drown me, why did she not do it  in the beginning and save me all this trouble? . . . But, no, she cannot mean  to drown me. She dare not drown me. She cannot drown me. Not after all this work. . . Just you drown me, now, and then hear what I call you! (4).The correspondent in The Open Boat saw the â€Å"abominable injustice†of being drowned after so much hardship.  The idea of fairness and justice is deeply ingrained in him that he finds it would be â€Å"a crime most unnatural†.   He imagined nature’s indifference similar to his own and that of his school-fellows who during childhood were taught a poem about a soldier of the Legion who lay dying in Algiers: he did not care about him but now, faced with his own death, he felt sorry for the soldier of the Legion who lay dying in Algiers (6).The tall wind-tower is also an apt symbol of nature’s indifference.  â€Å"This tower was a giant, standing with its back to the plight of the ants.  It represented . . . the serenity of nature amid the struggles of the individual. . . She did not seem cruel to him, nor beneficent, nor treacherous, nor wise.  But she was indifferent, flatly indifferent.†(7).The characters in The Open Boat are just â€Å"ordinary†persons but in their mortal peril each of them performed heroically in their battle against the sea: the wounded captain, vigilantly keeping watch, clinging with one hand to the keel of the dingy after it had swamped; Billie the oiler, mast erfully steering the craft, dying before he reached the safety of the beach; the cook and the correspondent, fighting desperately against the churning surf.Like Koskoosh, the correspondent in The Open Boat considered death a proper release from one’s pains, the former from his futile struggle with the wolves, and the latter from his struggle with the waves.   He thought that â€Å"when one gets properly wearied, drowning must really be a comfortable arrangement, a cessation of hostilities accompanied by a large degree of relief, and he was glad of it . . .†(7).A Deal in Wheat by Frank Norris tells about the plight of Sam Lewiston and his wife and thousands of other wheat farmers who were driven to bankruptcy due to the trickery of wheat dealers who gambled with the prices of grain, oblivious of the untold suffering caused by their machinations.     Sam and his wife and the people who lined up at night at the bread line belonged to the lower c lasses of society: â€Å"workmen, long since out of work, forced into idleness by long-continued ‘hard times,’ by ill luck, by sickness.†The â€Å"interminable line of dark figures, close-pressed, soundless; a crowd, yet absolutely still . . .waiting in the vast deserted night-ridden street; waiting without a word .. . . under the slow-moving mists of rain†,  is as naturalistic as Crane’s and London’s stories set in a hostile sea and an abandoned camp in the snow:There was something ominous and gravely impressive in this interminable line of dark figures, close-pressed, soundless; a crowd, yet absolutely still; a close-packed, silent file, waiting, waiting in the vast deserted night-ridden street; waiting without a word, without a movement, there under the night and under the slow-moving mists of rain.From this line of hungry men there arose â€Å"a shudder of despair, an unformed, inarticulate sense of calamity†caused by the abrupt notice that the bread line was being discontinued owing to the increase in the price of grain.  This particular scene imparts to the reader Sam Lewiston’s and the crowd’s pathetic plight, their helplessness against the market forces that conspired to bring about their ruin.   The â€Å"white-aproned undercook†who posted the notice and disappeared within the bakery symbolizes an indifferent nature, perhaps an indifferent society, not caring whether or not the hundreds of people that have silently, patiently stood outside in the cold would go to bed hungry that night and for nights to come.These three stories represent the naturalistic genre: The Law of Life by Jack London showing the endless cycle of life and death as viewed in the last reflections of an old man, who resigns to accept his own violent death from hungry wolves; The Open Boat by Stephen Crane depicting the struggles of four men in a dingy to reach the safety of land; and A Deal in Wheat by Frank Norris, which brings into focus the grim silent suffering of people at a bread line.   In all these works the writers attempt to portray the lives of common persons as they grapple with the forces of nature and endure calamity caused by the manipulation of other human beings.   Through these works, the writers drive home to our consciousness a world of harsh and cold reality: of ordinary human beings forced to contend with an uncaring, indifferent nature, yet bringing to the fore something heroic and extra-ordinary within them.WORKS CITEDCampbell, Donna M. â€Å"Naturalism in American Literature.†Literary Movements.   2 February 2007. Accessed 2 March 2007..Crane, Stephen. â€Å"The Open Boat†. 2 March 2007.London, Jack. â€Å"The Law of Life†. 2 March 2007.Norris, Frank. â€Å"A Deal in Wheat†. 5 March 2007. â€Å"Naturalism†. 20 February 2007.  Accessed 2 March 2007. Naturalism Naturalism is a type of literature that â€Å"exposed the dark harshness of life . . . were often very pessimistic and . . . blunt .†(Wikipedia).  Naturalistic writers do not moralize about the nature of human beings in their works, but view them with cold impartiality.    To them, nature is an indifferent force that adopts a hands-off policy vis-à -vis human beings and the calamities that befall them. Naturalistic works often depict an individual’s struggle to survive against the forces of nature. At times, the conflict may be that of man against himself as he strives to maintain his humanity, to tame â€Å"the brute within†in the face of contending passions.   Characters in such works usually belong to the lower middle class or the lower classes.   (Campbell).Jack London’s The Law of Life depicts the indifference of nature to the impending death of an old man.   Abandoned in the snow by his tr ibe, nearly blind and lame, old Koskoosh lies beside a fire with only a handful of twigs to keep himself from freezing. He is aware of his imminent end, but calmly accepts the fact that â€Å"all men must die†.   In the few remaining hours of his life, he reflects on the never ending cycle of life and death, on how even the most vigorous animal would fall prey to old age and its predators.  In all this, he concluded that â€Å"nature did not care.  To life, she set one task, gave one law. To perpetuate was the task of life, its law was death.†Koskoosh recalled how the Great Famine ravaged his tribe, against which they were all helpless.      Here, London brings into focus an indifferent nature, heedless of the wailings of the villagers until nearly all of them starved to death.  Koskoosh also remembered how the times of plenty awakened the blood lust in his people until they revived ancient quarrels and wage d war on their enemies.  In this case, the â€Å"brute within†, another frequent theme of the naturalistic work, is awakened and unleashed.Occupying the old man’s thoughts in his final moments was his memory of a moose that fought off wolves until it was overpowered and fell on the bloody snow.   That recollection foreshadowed his own death: wolves were closing in on him as his fire dwindled.   But unlike the moose which fought to the very end, Koskoosh gave up when he realized the futility of it. â€Å"What did it matter after all?†he asked. â€Å"Was it not the law of life?†An indifferent, hostile nature pervades The Open Boat by Stephen Crane. Four men, one of them injured, sat on a dingy after their ship went down.      An angry surf separated them from the safety of the beach; they could not take the boat to shore lest she capsize. Desperate and afraid, sleepless and hungry, the correspondent pon ders the indifference of nature to their plight.   The men spend the night at the sea, alternately rowing and keeping the boat afloat.The appearance of vacationers on the beach waving gaily to the men in the boat thus giving them hopes of immediate rescue is probably Crane’s way of emphasizing the nonchalance of nature in the face of human suffering, made more bitter by the realization that no rescue was forthcoming after all.   The cook’s â€Å"house of refuge†, deserted and lifeless, seemed to mock the men: â€Å"There was the shore of          the populous land, and it was bitter and bitter to them that from it came no sign.†(4).Crane focuses on the inner despair of the men as they wait and toil at the oars, aware that their tiny dingy might be swamped at the next wave, drowning them, or that they might be taken out to sea when the on-shore wind died.     In the face of this uncertain ty, Crane voices out, through the correspondent, the pathetic rebellion of the ordinary mortal who could not believe, and yet could not overcome, the indifference of nature to his plight:Was I brought here merely to have my nose dragged away as I was about to  nibble the sacred cheese of life? It is preposterous. If this old ninny-woman, Fate, cannot do better than this, she should be deprived of the management  of men`s fortunes.  . . If she has decided to drown me, why did she not do it  in the beginning and save me all this trouble? . . . But, no, she cannot mean                 to drown me. She dare not drown me. She cannot drown me. Not after all  this work. . . Just you drown me, now, and then hear what I call you! (4).The correspondent in The Open Boat saw the â€Å"abominable injustice†of being drowned after so much hardship.  The idea of fairness and justice is deeply ingrained in him that he finds it would be â€Å"a crime most unnatural†.   He imagined nature’s indifference similar to his own and that of his school-fellows who during childhood were taught a poem about a soldier of the Legion who lay dying in Algiers: he did not care about him but now, faced with his own death, he felt sorry for the soldier of the Legion who lay dying in Algiers (6). The tall wind-tower is also an apt symbol of nature’s indifference.  â€Å"This tower was a giant, standing with its back to the plight of the ants.  It represented . . . the serenity of nature amid the struggles of the individual. . . She did not seem cruel to him, nor beneficent, nor treacherous, nor wise.  But she was indifferent, flatly indifferent.†(7).The characters in The Open Boat are just â€Å"ordinary†persons but in their mortal peril each of them performed heroically in their battle against the sea: the wounded captain, vigilantly k eeping watch, clinging with one hand to the keel of the dingy after it had swamped; Billie the oiler, masterfully steering the craft, dying before he reached the safety of the beach; the cook and the correspondent, fighting desperately against the churning surf.Like Koskoosh, the correspondent in The Open Boat considered death a proper release from one’s pains, the former from his futile struggle with the wolves, and the latter from his struggle with the waves.   He thought that â€Å"when one gets properly wearied, drowning must really be a comfortable arrangement, a cessation of hostilities accompanied by a large degree of relief, and he was glad of it . . .†(7).A Deal in Wheat by Frank Norris tells about the plight of Sam Lewiston and his wife and thousands of other wheat farmers who were driven to bankruptcy due to the trickery of wheat dealers who gambled with the prices of grain, oblivious of the untold suffering caused by their machinations.     Sam and his wife and the people who lined up at night at the bread line belonged to the lower classes of society: â€Å"workmen, long since out of work, forced into idleness by long-continued ‘hard times,’ by ill luck, by sickness.†The â€Å"interminable line of dark figures, close-pressed, soundless; a crowd, yet absolutely still . . .waiting in the vast deserted night-ridden street; waiting without a word .. . . under the slow-moving mists of rain†,  is as naturalistic as Crane’s and London’s stories set in a hostile sea and an abandoned camp in the snow:There was something ominous and gravely impressive in this interminable line of dark figures, close-pressed, soundless; a crowd, yet absolutely still; a close-packed, silent file, waiting, waiting in the vast deserted night-ridden street; waiting without a word, without a movement, there under the night and under the slow-moving mists of rain.From this line of hungry men there arose â€Å"a shudder of despair, an unformed, inarticulate sense of calamity†caused by the abrupt notice that the bread line was being discontinued owing to the increase in the price of grain.  This particular scene imparts to the reader Sam Lewiston’s and the crowd’s pathetic plight, their helplessness against the market forces that conspired to bring about their ruin.   The â€Å"white-aproned undercook†who posted the notice and disappeared within the bakery symbolizes an indifferent nature, perhaps an indifferent society, not caring whether or not the hundreds of people that have silently, patiently stood outside in the cold would go to bed hungry that night and for nights to come.These three stories represent the naturalistic genre: The Law of Life by Jack London showing the endless cycle of life and death as viewed in the last reflections of an old man, who resigns to accept his own violent death from hungry wolves; The Open Boat by Stephen Crane depicting the struggles of four men in a dingy to reach the safety of land; and A Deal in Wheat by Frank Norris, which brings into focus the grim silent suffering of people at a bread line.In all these works the writers attempt to portray the lives of common persons as they grapple with the forces of nature and endure calamity caused by the manipulation of other human beings.   Through these works, the writers drive home to our consciousness a world of harsh and cold reality: of ordinary human beings forced to contend with an uncaring, indifferent nature, yet bringing to the fore something heroic and extra-ordinary within them.WORKS CITEDCampbell, Donna M. â€Å"Naturalism in American Literature.†Literary Movements.  2 February 2007. Accessed 2 March 2007..Crane, Stephen. â€Å"The Open Boat†. 2 March 2007.  London, Jack. â€Å"The Law of Life†. 2 March 2007. Norris, Frank. â€Å"A Deal in Wheat†. 5 March 2007.â€Å"Naturalism†. 20 February 2007.  Accessed 2 March 2007.
Friday, January 3, 2020
Find out What the Pelagic Zone Is
The pelagic zone is the area of the ocean outside of coastal areas. This is also called the open ocean. The open ocean lies over and beyond the continental shelf. Its where you’ll find some of the biggest marine life species. The sea floor (demersal zone) is not included in the pelagic zone. The word pelagic comes from the Greek word pelagos meaning sea or high sea. Different Zones Within the Pelagic Zone The pelagic zone is separated into several subzones depending on water depth: Epipelagic zone (ocean surface to 200 meters deep). This is the zone in which photosynthesis can occur because light is available.Mesopelagic zone (200-1,000m) - This is also known as the twilight zone because light becomes limited. There is less oxygen available to organisms in this zone.Bathypelagic zone (1,000-4,000m) - This is a dark zone where water pressure is high and the water is cold (around 35-39 degrees). Abyssopelagic zone (4,000-6,000m) - This is the zone past the continental slope - the deep water just over the ocean bottom. This is also known as the abyssal zone.Hadopelagic zone (deep ocean trenches, greater than 6,000m) - In some places, there are trenches that are deeper than the surrounding ocean floor. These areas are the hadopelagic zone. At a depth of over 36,000 feet, the Mariana Trench is the deepest known point in the ocean. Within these different zones, there can be a dramatic difference in available light, water pressure and the types of species youll find there. Marine Life Found in the Pelagic Zone Thousands of species of all shapes and sizes live in the pelagic zone. Youll find animals that travel long distances and some that drift with the currents. There is a wide array of species here as this zone includes all of the ocean that is not either in a coastal area or the ocean bottom. Thus, the pelagic zone thus comprises the largest volume of ocean water in any marine habitat. Life in this zone ranges from tiny plankton to the largest whales. Plankton Organisms include phytoplankton, which provides oxygen for us here on Earth and food for many animals. Zooplankton such as copepods are found there and also are an important part of the oceanic food web. Invertebrates Examples of invertebrates that live in the pelagic zone include jellyfish, squid, krill, and octopus. Vertebrates Many large ocean vertebrates live in or migrate through the pelagic zone. These include cetaceans, sea turtles and large fish such as ocean sunfish (which is shown in the image), bluefin tuna, swordfish, and sharks. While they dont live in the water, seabirds such as petrels, shearwaters, and gannets can often be found above, on and diving under the water in search of prey. Challenges of the Pelagic Zone This can be a challenging environment where species are affected by wave and wind activity, pressure, water temperature and prey availability. Because the pelagic zone covers a large area, prey may be scattered over some distance, meaning animals have to travel far to find it and may not feed as often as an animal in a coral reef or tide pool habitat, where prey is denser. Some pelagic zone animals (e.g., pelagic seabirds, whales, sea turtles) travel thousands of miles between breeding and feeding grounds. Along the way, they face changes in water temperatures, types of prey, and human activities such as shipping, fishing, and exploration.
Thursday, December 26, 2019
The Writing Process And What Good Quality Writing Looks...
In the writing process one of the stage is conferring. This is describe as a conference that is a one-on-one strategy that takes place between the student and the teacher. Conferring with my students is one of the best opportunity for me as a teacher and my student have direct and immediate feedback of the skills that are involved in their writing. When conferring with my students I can really give each child personalized feedback to improve their writing as well discussing what they have learned. In addition, I show them the writing process and what good quality writing looks like. During the conference the main focuses of the conference is teaching my students the writing process. â€Å"Conferencing lies at the heart of effective writing instruction because writing, unlike any other subjects, do not have a correct answer.†(Klein, 2011) â€Å"An example of writing is like playing a sport because you have to put a variety of skills together to hit the target.†(Klein, 2011) In this example, I am like the coach by helping my students hone in on their purpose of writing. One goal for conferencing with my students is to teach them one strategy that they could use to improve their writing and not look at editing. Lucy Calkins stated â€Å"We are teaching the writer and not the writing. Our decisions much be guided by ‘what might help this writer’ rather than ‘what might help this writing.†(Calkins, 1994) With this being said I will need to keep this in mind when working with my studentsShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Conferring At The Heart Of Effective Writing Instruction837 Words  | 4 Pagesmake a decision. The writing conference is a one-on-one strategy that takes place between the student and the teacher. Conferring is one of the best opportunity for direct and immediate teaching of the skills that are involved in writing. In addition to these steps you are also teaching your student the writing process and good quality writing. The writing process it the main focuses of the conference. Conferencing lies at the he art of effective writing instruction because writing, unlike any otherRead MoreAre Video Games Therapy? 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Wednesday, December 18, 2019
Borderland Gloria Anzald�a Feminist Analysis - 935 Words
The call for feminism marks the beginning of an extensive journey with the quest to inspire women and to advocate women right in a male governed the world. Gloria Anzaldà ºa and Maxine Kingston both scrutinize feminism in the framework of â€Å"Borderland: La Frontera: The New Mestiza†and â€Å"The Women Warrior†encouraging women to occupy a strong position in the post-colonial male led civilization. The author both traces the journey of women struggle to achieve rewarding role within the structure shaped by men. The alliance of different voice from disregarded women gestures a strong theme that inspires Maxine Hong Kingston and Gloria Anzaldua to write enthusiastically within the feminist topic to dispute the patriarchal society. The author of†¦show more content†¦It is men who have the freedom of choice. Anzaldua describes how she experienced the feeling of being deviant towards society and not belonging to the community she lives in, â€Å"The queer are the mirror reflecting the heterosexual tribe’s fear: being different, being other than and therefore lesser, therefore sub-human, in-human, non-human†(Anzaldua, 1987). Acknowledging that someone is different from you in their thoughts, opinions, behavior, and appearance is not as easy as it may seem when these qualities matter to you. But acknowledging that being different is not better or worseâ€â€it is simply not the sameâ€â€is what many people fail to do, often without even realizing how intolerant they are. The author herself, however, shows that she is in every way broadminded about her beliefs, her opinions, and even the language she speaksâ€â€the book is written equally in English and Spanish. The author naturally switches from one language to the other, showing not simply that she is bilingual, but that she is a human being above all other qualities, and it is the content, the meaning behind words that matters, not the form or language in which they are written. Maxine Kingston in â€Å"The Women Warrior†presents a traditional Chinese society that anticipates women not to decide what is best for them all by themselves. Kingston creates a woman who goes beyond this ritual culture constraint and who take up
Tuesday, December 10, 2019
Healthcare Ethics Consumption of Banned Drugs
Question: Discuss about theHealthcare Ethicsfor Consumption of Banned Drugs. Answer: Introduction: The study mainly helps in depicting the health care ethics, which could be followed in clubs in consumption of banned drugs. Moreover, the study also helps in stating the relative stakeholders, which are responsible for the ethical use of drugs in clubs. Furthermore, the principle virtues are able to depicted, which could help in stating the relative professional ethics used in clubs. The novice effectively states the legal and ethical defensible solution, which could be used in the given scenario. Moreover, the study effectively states the professional ethical dilemma, which is been faced by Kamil Samra in the given scenario. In addition, the two-stakeholder professional of the health care institute in the scenario that are affected from the health care scenario is effectively identified as Kamil Samra, and club managers. Moreover, Kamil mainly faces the ethical dilemma in allowing the banned drugs, which are used by the club managers to enhance the performance of their players. Furthermore, the club is mainly using the enhanced drug Thymosin beta-4, which enhances performance but also hampers health condition of the consumers. Farnan et al., (2013) mentioned that ethics is strictly followed in the professional world as it mainly reduces life expectancy of its users. On the other hand, Carrese et al., (2015) criticises that some players use the performance enhancing drugs, which are not banned by sports organisations. Both the stakeholders have their own dilemma, which needs to be fulfilled. Kamil is mainly the physiotherapist and specialist in treating musculoskeletal of the club, which falls under medic al ethics profession. However, the club manager is mainly liable for increasing the performances of its players, which could help in obtained victory. Discussion: The overall scenario mainly depicts the unethical use of banned drugs Thymosin beta-4, which is been used by AFL club to enchases the performance of its players. Furthermore, the banned drug is been provide by coach and sports scientists to the player, which is been depicted in the scenario. In addition, the scenario is also states that the club manager and management are all aware of the use of unethical drug in the premises. Furthermore, the management has effectively provided increased benefits to Kamil if he ignores the unethical use of drugs. Moreover, the family condition of Kamil is not in great condition, which in turn could ensure care for his poor ageing parents. In addition, the drug that is been used by the AFL club is mainly banned and is in breach of the anti-doping rules in sport. However, the players have to use the drug because of its contract with the AFL club. In addition, the players are not free to refuse the drug, which might affect their health in long-term. Moreover, the scenario mainly violates the legal rules, which is been stated by sport authorities. Furthermore, the principles and virtues of health care ethics in the scenario is been violated by the AFL club to achieve the targeted goals. In addition, the dignity and rights of stakeholders like players and Kamil are been violated in the scenario. The overall human dignity of the players is the main concern, which is been identified from the scenario. The banned Thymosin beta-4 drug might mainly hamper the overall health of the players, which in turn could violate the inherent value of that is been presented by God. In addition, the declaration of human rights mainly proclaims that all humans are created in the image of God and they have the inherent value of being treated equally (Doukas et al., 2013). However, the scenario mainly represents the inhuman act, which is been conducted by the AFL club on the players by forcing them to use drugs that could harm their health in long run. In addition, the virtues and principles of health care ethics in professional practise mainly rely on the Beauchamp Childress 4 principles of health care ethics. The four principles are mainly the backbone of the ethics, which are currently being used in the medical filed. The principles are autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence and justice, which help in maintaining ethics in the medical field (Herring, 2014). Moreover, the current scenario mainly violates all the four principles that is been laid down in the health and care ethics. Doukas et al., (2015) mentioned that doctors and adequate medical personal for reducing the unethical measures conducted in treatments mainly take Hippocratic Oath. In addition, the first principles mainly state the Autonomy, which allows the person to have a say in the matter. However, the AFL club as its forcing its players to consume dangerous banned drugs, which violates the principle of Autonomy. In addition, the beneficiary principle is also been violated as the clubs management is only working for the interest of their personal gain and neglecting health of their players. The interests of the players are not kept in mind while forcing them to consume the health hazardous drug. In addition, the principle also focuses on the confidentiality terms, which needs to be maintained by the medial personal (Wynia, Papadakis, Sullivan Hafferty, 2014). However, keeping the unethical practises of the club could reduce authenticity of its medical profession and Hippocratic Oath taken by Kamil. Furthermore, the non-maleficence principle mainly states that medical personal are needed to take a Hippocratic Oath, which prevents them to segregate the treatments conducted on their patience. This oath mainly prevents any kind of negligence, which might be conducted by Kamil regarding health of the players. The justice principle mainly emphasises on the fairness and equality among individuals, which are not conducted by the AFL club. Doukas, McCullough Wear (2012) mentioned that ethical measures used by the doctors mainly prevent any use of unethical practises, which could hamper health of its clients. In addition, the above depicted principles mainly motivates Kamil to stop the AFL club mangers for using the banned drugs on their players. In addition, code of ethics and professional code of conduct that is identified in the scenario are Libertarianism and Deontology. These two depicted theories are mainly helpful in stating the overall dilemma of the scenario. In addition, deontology theory is mainly depicts the absolute rule, which must be followed by the medial personal in every case (Gholami-Kordkheili, Wild, Strech, 2013). According to this theory, Kamil could stop the use of the unethical drugs and report to the appropriate authorities regarding the situation. Moreover, the libertarianism theory mainly states the liberty, which must be delivered to each individual for conducting his or her activities. However, the contractual agreement of the players has mainly reduced the ability to refuse the consumption of Thymosin beta-4 drug. Moreover, the drug with the complaint from World Anti-Doping Agency was banned in 2016 (Stoff et al, 2016). The drug is mainly used for increasing the heart beat rate, which in turn ha mper future health of the individual. In addition, the legal and ethical defensible solution for the scenario could be made by depicting the laws like ACT Health Professional Act 2004, NSW Medical Practice Amendment Act 2008 and Various Whistle?blowers Protection Acts. In addition, above mentioned laws could effectively helped in building the defensible resolution, which could reduce the unethical use of drugs in AFL club. Moreover, the World Anti-Doping Agency has banned the drug Thymosin beta-4 from being used as a performance-enhancing drug among players. In addition, the health professional act 2004 mainly prevents the use of this drug as it directly affects long-term health of the players. Furthermore, the whistler blower act could mainly help in hiding Kamils identity, which could help in maintaining his integrity and work environment. However, Wells, Lehavot Isaac (2015) mentioned that WNDA has been effectively conducting surveys and tests, which help in detecting drugs, that might hamper health of the players in long run. Furthermore, the above-mentioned laws depicts the unethical measures, which is been taken by AFL club mangers. In addition, Kamil with the help of WNDA could effectively prevent the forceful uses of the hazardous drugs and save the Hippocratic Oath. In addition, the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency could be tipped by Kamil regarding the unethical uses of drugs that is been banned by WNDA. Moreover, the agency and laws might mainly help Kamil to reduce the unethical measures that is been conducted in the premises of AFL club. Conclusion: The overall study mainly helps in depicting relevant1 theories, principles and laws, which could be used by Kamil for reducing the unethical measures conducted by the AFL club. In addition, the overall Beauchamp Childress 4 principles of health care ethics have been depicted the study to help Kamil in making the required ethical decision in the scenario. Furthermore, the use of ethical law, human rights and virtues has mainly helped Kamil in making the ethical decision of reporting the breach of the anti-doping rules in sport conducted by AFL. Lastly, with the help of adequate laws Kamil has developed a defensible solution for the scenario, which could prevent the use of health hazardous medicines. Reference and Bibliography: Annas, G. J., Crosby, S. S., Glantz, L. H. (2013). Guantanamo Bay: A Medical Ethicsfree Zone?.New England Journal of Medicine,369(2), 101-103. Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency - Home. (2016).Ahpra.gov.au. Retrieved 26 October 2016, from https://www.ahpra.gov.au/ British Medical Association. (2012).Medical ethics today: the BMA's handbook of ethics and law. John Wiley Sons. Carrese, J. A., Malek, J., Watson, K., Lehmann, L. S., Green, M. J., McCullough, L. B., ... Doukas, D. J. (2015). The essential role of medical ethics education in achieving professionalism: the Romanell Report.Academic Medicine,90(6), 744-752. Doukas, D. J., Kirch, D. G., Brigham, T. P., Barzansky, B. M., Wear, S., Carrese, J. A., ... Lederer, S. E. (2015). Transforming educational accountability in medical ethics and humanities education toward professionalism.Academic Medicine,90(6), 738-743. Doukas, D. J., McCullough, L. B., Wear, S. (2012). Perspective: Medical education in medical ethics and humanities as the foundation for developing medical professionalism.Academic Medicine,87(3), 334-341. Doukas, D. J., McCullough, L. B., Wear, S., Lehmann, L. S., Nixon, L. L., Carrese, J. A., ... Kirch, D. G. (2013). The challenge of promoting professionalism through medical ethics and humanities education.Academic Medicine,88(11), 1624-1629. Farnan, J. M., Sulmasy, L. S., Worster, B. K., Chaudhry, H. J., Rhyne, J. A., Arora, V. M. (2013). Online medical professionalism: patient and public relationships: policy statement from the American College of Physicians and the Federation of State Medical Boards.Annals of internal medicine,158(8), 620-627. Frank, A. W. (2013).The wounded storyteller: Body, illness, and ethics. University of Chicago Press. General Assembly of the World Medical Association. (2014). World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects.The Journal of the American College of Dentists,81(3), 14. Gholami-Kordkheili, F., Wild, V., Strech, D. (2013). The impact of social media on medical professionalism: a systematic qualitative review of challenges and opportunities.Journal of medical Internet research,15(8), e184. Herring, J. (2014).Medical law and ethics. Oxford University Press, USA. Kaczmarczyk, J. M., Chuang, A., Dugoff, L., Abbott, J. F., Cullimore, A. J., Dalrymple, J., ... Pradhan, A. (2013). e-Professionalism: A new frontier in medical education.Teaching and learning in medicine,25(2), 165-170. Stoff, B. K., Scully, K., Housholder, A. L., Fabbro, S., Kantor, J. (2016). The American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) Ethics Pledge: I will put my patients' welfare above all other interests, provide care that adheres to professional standards of practice, provide care for those in need, and foster collegiality through interaction with the medical community.Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology,75(2), 445-448. Wells, D. M., Lehavot, K., Isaac, M. L. (2015). Sounding off on social media: the ethics of patient storytelling in the modern era.Academic Medicine,90(8), 1015-1019. What we do. (2016).World Anti-Doping Agency. Retrieved 26 October 2016, from https://www.wada-ama.org/en/what-we-do Wynia, M. K., Papadakis, M. A., Sullivan, W. M., Hafferty, F. W. (2014). More than a list of values and desired behaviors: A foundational understanding of medical professionalism.Academic Medicine,89(5), 712-714.
Monday, December 2, 2019
Survival Guide Essays - Adolescence, Educational Psychology
Survival Guide This book is exactly what it says it is ? a Guidebook or Manual for both parents and teens that offers insight and advice on a wide range of adolescent developmental concerns. Organized into convenient topical sections for both parent and teen readers, the text can be easily consulted when seeking advice on a particular issue, or simply read cover to cover. Either way, the reader will find a wealth of practical advice for both parent and teen. The authors approach their subject in a sympathetic and sensitive manner in an effort to ameliorate typical parent/teen confrontations. Sections intended for teen readers are highlighted in blue and written in a conversational style where the author is talking to the teen reader. Numerous quotes from other teens are interspersed within these sections to give the material a very user-friendly feel. Parents will find these sections very useful in that they provide a supportive and understanding perspective. They give teens a chance to step into the shoes of their parents and ponder their situation within a wide range of potential parental concerns. The primary content of the book is intended for parents and goes into more depth than a typical teen section. Illustrated with easy to follow graphic organizers, the section intended for parents is packed with numerous case histories, tables and charts, questionnaires, dialogues, and issues common to families with teenagers. Of particular importance are the case histories, dialogue, and issue boxes. The case histories are taken from real-life situations and present both problem and solution for a wide range of situations. These stories present the point of view of both parent and teen, which the reader can compare and contrast to his or her own situation. They also provide insight into the probable cause of the conflict as well as explaining how the problem was actually resolved. The issues sections present problems that parents and teens tend to argue about. Issues such as style of dress and friendships are written is such a way as to provide a helpful "middle ground" position for parents to take while struggling with a recalcitrant teen. The dialogue boxes present scenarios common to families dealing with teenagers. In addition to presenting a typical parent/teen conversation (such as playing music too loud or talks about drugs) these sections offer insight on how to discuss certain issues with your teens. Having such models to follow can be very helpful to a parent or teacher searching for the right words or ways in which to approach a controversial subject. In addition to the dialogue, the authors have also included advice at the end of dialogue sections that suggest several ways in which the stated problem might be reconciled. The numerous tables found throughout the text provide convenient, up-to-date data on a wide variety of issues. Parents and teachers alike can make good use of these tables, in particular, the section in the first chapter dealing with physical development. Entitled "Milestones of Early (ages 11 to 14), Middle (ages 15 to 16), and Late Adolescence (ages 17 to 18)", this section presents various developmental milestones in the context of the consequence for the child as well as the potential effect on the family. Of all the issues and concerns expressed in this book, the only section which parents may find objectionable concerns chapter eleven ? sexuality in adolescence. The authors seemingly approach this subject with a no-holds-barred policy. They discuss all possible sexual issues, from the more innocuous dating and foreplay concerns to controversial issues such as homosexuality, masturbation and pre-marital sex. Parents with strong religious convictions may take issue with a number of the authors' perspectives and recommendations. For instance, concerning the issue of early sexual experimentation the authors say: "...in itself early...sexual experience is not necessarily either abnormal or deviant... early sexual behavior ? although it may shock or disappoint you ? should not be regarded as a major catastrophe." Pg. 127 Concerning homosexuality the authors say: "...you have no choice but to accept that this (homosexuality) is the way things are. They cannot help being gay and they cannot change ? even if they want to." (Pg. 131) On the issue of deciding to become sexually active the authors say: "You (the teenager) are the only person who can make decisions about your body, your feelings, and your life." (Pg 132 in a section intended for teen readers) On the issue of "safe sex" the authors say: "Probably the most important thing to consider before you start having sex is how to avoid unwanted pregnancy." (Pg. 135
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